July 19, 2010 / Energy Homeostasis, Energy Substrates, Excitatory GABA, Methodology
In the brain, neuronal electrical activity and intricate metabolic energy provisions are closely related. Although both functions have been painstakingly researched by electrophysiologists and biochem
June 19, 2010 / Astrocyte–neuron ketone shuttle, Astrocyte–neuron lactate shuttle, Energy Homeostasis, Energy Substrates, Excitatory GABA, Methodology
On discrepancies of data from experiments on brain slices, in toto, and in vivo Let's start with the fundamental differences between environments depending on the types of experiments. (See Commenta
May 22, 2010 / Methodology
For the ACSF updates in 2009 to 2011 -> see Sweet & sour recipes for the brain ACSF from 1934 to 1950. Events Comments
March 21, 2010 / Energy Substrates, Epilepsy, Excitatory GABA, Lactate, Neuroprotectors, Pyruvate
In the previous post On the mechanisms of brain protection by ketones, I described how a shortage of ketones caused pathological changes in brain cells in brain slices (in vitro, 1) and in whole ani
March 17, 2010 / Neuroprotectors, Pyruvate
Pyruvate is one of major energy carriers in the brain, it is shown to be protective against damaging consequences of neurotoxins, such as hydrogen peroxide, glutamate, zinc, and copper/cysteine (1). P
March 17, 2010 / Dementia, Excitatory GABA, Ketogenic diet, Ketone bodies, Neuroprotectors
Neuronal activity in immature neocortical neurons depends on the availability of ketone bodies in ACSF [caption id="" align="alignleft" width="120" caption="The provoking findings of Rheims et al. su